Assessment Description:
Identify a common joint injury and explain a treatment for improving range of motion at the site of injury during recovery.
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SOLUTION to BIO-201: Human Anatomy and Physiology I: Lab - Topic 4 DQ 1.
SAMPLE 1
Hello everyone,
An anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is the most frequent type of joint injury, usually occurring in the knee joint. This injury typically occurs when a person stops suddenly, turns, or changes the direction they are moving in, which is why it is common among football players, basketball players, and skiers. According to Keyhani et al. (2020) ACL tear results in pain, swelling, and instability in the knee, thus diminishing the flexion and extension range of motion.
According to Buckthorpe et al. (2021), there is no better way to regain functional mobility during ACL recovery than physical therapy (PT). PT includes a set of exercises that aim to restore ability and movement and below are some of the ways it can help:
Early Motion Exercises: In the first few days and weeks, the goal is to decrease inflammation, minimize pain, and restore range of motion. Physical therapy activities like heel slides and quadriceps sets promote knee movement without straining the ligament as much as it heals. These exercises are important in warding off stiffness and guarantee the knee does not lose its flexing ability.
Strengthening Exercises: When a patient is recovering, it becomes crucial to ensure that they engage in exercises. Strengthening the quadriceps, hamstrings, and other muscles surrounding the knee helps give the joint more support and stability. Some of the most popular movements that strengthen these muscle groups include leg presses, step-ups, and hamstring curls, among others, to aid joint movements.
Proprioception and Balance Training: Finally, to restore knee function, proprioception and balance exercises are necessary. According to Diermeier et al. (2020), such exercises, like single-limb support and balance surface training, are useful in helping the patient regain control of the knee and balance on it during movements. Proprioception is known to prevent re-injury and also increases joint coordination.
Advanced Functional Training: Advanced functional training is used in the final phases of rehabilitation. It involves movements that imitate the patient’s daily or athletic activities, such as jogging and cutting. Functional strength training prepares the knee to bear everyday activities so that confidence and the complete range of motion are considered.
References
Buckthorpe, M., Danelon, F., La Rosa, G., Nanni, G., Stride, M., & Della Villa, F. (2021). Recommendations for hamstring function recovery after ACL reconstruction. Sports Medicine, 51(4), 607-624.
Diermeier, T., Rothrauff, B. B., Engebretsen, L., Lynch, A. D., Ayeni, O. R., Paterno, M. V., ... & Wilk, K. E. (2020). Treatment after anterior cruciate ligament injury: Panther symposium ACL treatment consensus group. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine, 8(6), 2325967120931097. https://doi.org/10.1177/2325967120931097
Keyhani, S., Esmailiejah, A. A., Mirhoseini, M. S., Hosseininejad, S. M., & Ghanbari, N. (2020). The prevalence, zone, and type of the meniscus tear in patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury; does delayed ACL reconstruction affects the meniscal injury? Archives of Bone and Joint Surgery, 8(3), 432. https://doi.org/10.22038%2Fabjs.2019.39084.2076