Give an example of a refraction disorder of the eye. Explain what is causing the disorder and how it can be corrected.
Please contact Assignment Samurai for help with this or any other assignment.
Email: assignmentsamurai@gmail.com
SOLUTION to BIO-201: Human Anatomy and Physiology I - Topic 7 DQ 1.
SAMPLE 1
Hello class,
There are several types of refraction disorders of the eye, but one of the most widespread and common is myopia, also called nearsightedness. Myopia is caused by abnormal eye length or a too curved cornea (Baird et al., 2020). This structural problem leads to light gathering in front of the retina and not directly on the retina. This means that distant objects appear fuzzy while near objects can easily be distinguished. The risk factor for myopia is commonly a blend of hereditary and environmental factors. Myopia is a hereditary disease, and as such, myopic children are usually born to myopic parents. Moreover, close-up work like reading or using gadgets with extended usage also leads to myopia progression, particularly in children and teenagers.
Treatment of myopia normally requires glasses or laser vision correction. Spectacles or RGP lenses are the simplest and non-surgical options for handling myopia. These lenses assist in changing the direction of the light passing through the eye to focus it directly on the retina. Biconvex lenses are thicker at the center and thinner at the edges to help bend the light rays to focus on the retina upon entering the eye.
For individuals who want a permanent fix for their vision problems, refractive surgery like LASIK (Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis) can be an excellent solution. Farooq et al. (2020) state that LASIK involves using a laser to alter the shape of the cornea so that the cornea’s curvature will enable light to focus on the retina appropriately. Another type of surgery is PRK or Photorefractive Keratectomy, but in this case, the outer surface cells of the cornea are removed to create the flap that is then reshaped. Both procedures have very high success rates and can reduce and, in many cases, eliminate the need for glasses or contact lenses.
References
Baird, P. N., Saw, S. M., Lanca, C., Guggenheim, J. A., Smith III, E. L., Zhou, X., ... & He, M. (2020). Myopia. Nature Reviews Disease Primers, 6(1), 99. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572-020-00231-4
Farooq, A., Giri, P., & Azar, D. (2020). Striving for perfect vision: Insights from refractive surgery. Foundations of Corneal Disease: Past, Present and Future, 159-184. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25335-6_14